William hochhausen



(No Model.)

W; HOCHHAUSEN.

AUTOMATIC GUT-OUT FOR ELEGTRIC LAMPS. No. 271,457.

Patented Jan.30, 1883.

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and a??? UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM HOCHHAUSEN, F NElV YORK, N.-Y.

' AUTOMATIC CUT-OUT FOR ELECTRiC LAMPS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 271,457, dated January 30, 1883..

Application filed September 9, 1882.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WM. HOCHHAUSEN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Out- Outs for Electric Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to cut-outs for electric lamps, so constructed that an abnormal increase in the length of the electric are from any cause, or an extinction of the are, results in the formation of a branch or safety circuit around the lamp, which branch or safety circuit serves as a path for the current to other lamps on the same general circuit and preserves the integrity of the main circuit for the generator.

The object of my invention is to provide a simple and effective means for securing the desired automatic cutting out.

My invention consists in combining with a main-circuit magnet (which may or may not be one of the lamp-magnets, as desired) a shunt-circuit closer, which acts on an abnormal increase in the length of the are to cut out said lifting-magnet, so that the armature or core of the latter,as the'case maybe,being no longer held up, will drop, and by suitable devices cause the completion of the safety or cut-out circuit around the carbons.

In carrying my invention into practice I propose to shunt the lifting or main-circuit magnet by means of an armature actuated by the derived-circuit coil or helix, the cutout or safety-circuit closer for the lamp being at the same time set into proper position to be operated by the main-circuit armature or core when the latter falls away, thus completing the safety or cut-out circuit.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a side view of a portion of an electric lamp, showing the application thereto of a cut-out device constructed and combined with the other parts according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a diagram showing in a simplified ay the circuit-connections of the various parts.

A and B are respectively the upper and lower carbons of an electric lamp, the upper being supported in the usual way by a carbon-carrier which engages with a wheel of a retarding-train, said wheel and train being (No model.)

supported in'a pivoted frame operated by an electro magnet or magnets.

1) represents a spool of a main-circuit electro-magnet, and E the spool of a derived-circuit electro magnet. Said electro magnets may be either of the ordinary horseshoe form, consisting of two spools joined by a crosspiece, or may consist of a single spool each. The movable core of the derived-circuit spool E is connected to the lever 0, while the core or cores of D rest upon said lever when the lamp is not in use, but when the lamp is started are lifted away from said lever, and remain out ofconnection with the same solong as feeding continues to take place in a normal fashion. In this form of lamp,which is described in another application for patent filed by me, the operation of feeding is under the sole control of the derived-circuit coilll, the frame U being provided with a suitable retractor which acts in opposition to said coil, and the detents being so arranged that when the attraction of the coil prevails the train of wheels will be released.

F indicates a fiat plate ofiron or some other magnetizable material which is pivoted opposite the side of the derived-circuit coil or coils, so as to be within the attractive influence of the same, and is suitably insulated from the frame of the lamp. Said plate carries at its rear an adjustable retracting-weight, \V, and a stop-arm, Gr, shod at its end with insulating material, while projecting from its top is a circuit-closing spring,f, adapted to be forced into contact with a spring, g, supported from a post, 71, projecting from an insulated plate secured to the casing of the lamp and electrically connected by wire 2 with the positive bindingpost of the lamp. The plate F is itself electrically connected by a wire, 3, with the neg ative binding-post, and when drawn forward by the action of the coil E makes contact with a stop, 7:, connected by a wire, 4, with the wire or electrical connection 5 coming from the lower carbon. The main-circuit coil D is connected on the one side to 5 by a wire, 6, fixed in a clamp, on, and on the other side to wire 3 and the negative binding-post by a wire, 7, and clamp a.

As will be obvious, the closing of the circuit 4 7t F 3 will shunt the current from the maincircuit coil 1), (by the device to be presently rectly between the positive and negative bind ing-posts, thus cutting out all the other devices. The derived-circuit coil E is placed in circuit around the arc in an obvious manner by wires 8 and 9, one connected to the wire 2 by clamp r and the other connected to wire 3 by any suitable means. The coreor armature of the main-circuit magnet D is made to close the safety or cut-out circuit atjgby means of an eye, (I, or any other suitable device secured to the cross-piece I), joining the cores of the main-circuit coils, which, when the springfis in the position shown in dotted lines and the cores and cross-piece drop, will force the springs fg into contact with one another and hold them together.

The operation of the device will be readily understood. While the lamp is in action the cores of the coils D are held in lifted position and the lever (J is under the control of the derived-circuit coils E. The plate or armature F occupies the position shown in full lines. If the arclengthens abnormally, the armature F, owing to the increased attraction of the coils E, is drawn forward against the stop It, the point at which it shall be so moved being determined by the adjustment of the weight W'. The spring f then assumes the position shown in dotted lines, so that when the crosspiece I) and projection (I fall, which'immediately occurs, owing to the shunting of the current from the coils 1), the spring f will be forced into contact with g and held there, thus completing the cut-out circuit for the lamp, before described. The parts retain this position until thclaniphas been put in condition to act properlyand the cut-out devices have been restored by hand to their normal position. hen the parts are in their normal position, and before the lamp begins to act, the spring f occupies the position shown in full lines, and is not affected by the main-circuit magnet, although the core of the latter is at such time in its lowest position. The lamp is thus free to start when the currentbegins to flow, there being no shunt to the main-circuit magnet.

My invention may be carried into effect by other mechanical devices besides these described for completing thecut-outcircuit when the main-circuit magnet loses its power; and I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to such details of construction, my invention consisting broadly in shunting the lifting or main-circuit magnet when the abnormal increase of length in the arc takes place, so that the parts actuated thereby will fall away and cause the completion of the cut-out circuit, the

'parts or devices by or through which said circuit is closed having been set into proper position for this purpose through the action of a derived-circuit magnet or other suitable device for giving proper movement to the same upon an increase in the length of the are beyond a certain point.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination, with an electric lamp, of a safety or cut-out circuit, amain-circuit electro-magnet controlling the same, a shunt or short circuit around said electro-magnet, and means for closing said shunt-circuit upon an abnormal increase in the length of are.

2. The combination, with an electric lamp, of a safety or cut-out circuit-closer, an electrosetting the circuit-closing devices into operative condition upon an abnormal increase in the length of are.

3. The combination, with a safety cut-out circuit-closer, of a main-circuitelectro-magnet for operating thesame, a shunt-circuit closer for closing a shunt-circuit around said electromagnet upon an abnormal increase in the length of arc, and means for setting the parts of the cut-out circuit-closer into position for closing the cut-out circuit when the main-circuit electro-magnet is shunted.

4. The combination, with an electric lamp, of a safety or cut-out circuit-closer, means connected with the main-circuit coil of the lamp for operating said circuit-closer, so as to close the cut-out circuit, a shunt-circuit around said electro-magnet, means for setting the parts of the cut-out circuit-closer into position for operation by the main-circuit magnet, and a controlling derived-circuit coil and armature, adjusted in the manner described to bring said parts into position and to close the shunt-circuit upon an abnormal increase in the length of are.

5. The combination, substantially as described, of a safety cut-out circuitcloser, a main-circuit electro-magnet controlling the same, and a sh nut-circuit closer for said electro-magnet, adjusted to shunt the same upon an abnormal increase in the length of are.

6. The combination, substantially as described, with the operating mechanism for an electric lamp, of a safety-circuit closer, mechanism for adjusting said circuit-closer upon an increase in the length of arc,,and setting it into proper position for closing the cut-out circuit, means for actuating the circuit-closer so as to complete the safety-circuit when the currentis withdrawn from the main-circuit helices, and an automatic shunt-circuit closer for said helices, adjusted in the manner described, to act upon an abnormal increase in the length of are.

7. The combination, substantially as described, ofa main-circuit magnet, an automatic shunt-circuit closer for shunting said magnet upon an abnormal increase in the length of are, a cut-out or safety-circuit closer, which is actuated by the parts controlled by said maincircuit magnet, and means for setting said safety-circuit closer upon an abnormal increasein the length of are, so that it may act to close the safety-circuit when the main-circuit magnet loses its power.

8. The combination of the main circuit coils magnet for operating the same, and means for and core for the same, arranged to be held in lifted position during the normal operation of the lamp, the derived-circuit coils controlling thefeed mechanism, an armature placed within a the influence of said coils and adjusted to be actuated upon an abnormal increasein thelength of are, a shunt'circuit around the main-circuit coil, which is closed by the operation of said armature, and a cut-out circuit-closer set into 10 position for closing the circuit by said armature, and actuated to close said cut-out circuit by the falling away of the cores for the maincircuit coils.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, this 7th day of [5 September, A. D. 1882.

WILLIAM HOGHIIAUSEN. Witnesses:

THos. TooMEY, H. (J. TOWNSEND. 

